tugas Jaringan Komunikasi

Penjelasan terkait Nslookup ; Router ; Ping ; Netstat ; Tracert ; IP Config ; ARP ; NTSH

Nslookup
Nslookup digunakan untuk melihat informasi seputar Domain Name Systems (DNS) pada sebuah domain di internet/intranet. Penggunaan perintah Nslookup bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan TCP/IP protocol.

Sebelum menggunakan DNS, jaringan komputer menggunakan istilah yang bernama HOSTS files berisi informasi dari nama komputer dan IP address-nya.
DNS berfungsi untuk mencari nama computer di jaringan yang menggunakan TCP/IP.
TCP/IP adalah salah satu jenis aturan (protokol) yang membuat computer, dapat saling menukar data atau berkomunikasi, di dalam suatu jaringan (network), TCP/IP juga dapat diterapkan pada jaringan LAN dan WAN
Fungsi dari jaringan LAN (Local Area Network), untuk menghubungkan computer satu ke computer lain dengan jarak yang terbatas.
Jaringan WAN (Wide Area Network), seperti halnya internet, memiliki jarak antar kota, Negara, sampai antar Benua
Skala jaringan ada 3, satunya adalah MAN
Sebutan dari Metropolitant Area Network, hampir sama dengan Local Area Network, dengan jarak yang lebih luas, yakni 10-50 km.

Router
Router adalah sebuah alat jaringan komputer yang mengirimkan paket data melalui sebuah jaringan atau internet menuju tujuannya, melalui sebuah proses yang dikenal sebagai routing. Bertujuan untuk menghubungkan dua atau lebih jaringan untuk meneruskan data dari satu jaringan ke jaringan lainnya.
Jenis-jenis router
Secara umum, router dibagi menjadi dua buah jenis, yakni:
• static router (router statis): adalah sebuah router yang memiliki tabel routing statis yang di setting secara manual oleh para administrator jaringan.
• dynamic router (router dinamis): adalah sebuah router yang memiliki dab membuat tabel routing dinamis, dengan mendengarkan lalu lintas jaringan dan juga dengan saling berhubungan dengan router lainnya.

Disisi lain, profesi administrator jaringan atau bahasa lainnya Network Admin, modern profesional ini dapat dikatakan begitu bertanggung jawab atas memelihara penggunaan, memantau peralatan jaringan, dan yang mencakup penggunaan peralatan jaringan aktif, baik perangkat keras maupun perangkat lunaknya computer, yang tak lain adalah jaringan computer itu sendiri.

Ping
Ping adalah sebuah program yang mengirimkan serangkaian paket melalui jaringan atau internet ke komputer tertentu untuk menghasilkan respon dari komputer tersebut. Komputer lain merespon dengan pengakuan yang menerima paket.

Kata ping, ada yang mengartikan sebagai Packet Internet/Inter-Network Groper, layaknya sonar kapal selam yang mengirimnya untuk kemudian diketahui sebagai ledakan singkat suara. Fungsinya agar dapat mengetahui dimana lokasi keberadaan

Netstat
Netstat (statistik jaringan) adalah alat baris perintah yang menampilkan koneksi jaringan (baik masuk dan keluar), tabel routing, dan sejumlah statistik antarmuka jaringan.

Netstat tersedia pula di sistem operasi Windows berbasis NT.
Tujuannya sebagai pengukuran kinerja dengan mencari masalah dalam jaringan, menentukan jumlah lalu lintas di jaringan.

Tracert
Tracert (Traceroute) adalah perintah untuk menunjukkan rute yang dilewati paket untuk mencapai tujuan.

Tracert nyatanya berguna untuk mencari titik lambat suatu koneksi.

IP Config
IPConfig berfungsi untuk mengkonfigurasi settingan perangkat jaringan, yang terdapat pada MS.Command Promp sebagai salah satu internal command nya.

ARP
ARP adalah protocol yang berfungsi memetakan ipaddress menjadi MAC address.
Semua komunikasi yang berbasis ethernet menggunakan protocol ARP ini

ARP adalah protocol yang menghubungkan antara datalink layer dan ip layer pada TCP/IP. Maka, setiap komputer atau device yang akan berkomunikasi akan melakukan transaksi atau tukar menukar informasi terkait antara IP dan MAC address. Di dalam cache OS, setiap transaksi akan disimpan. Hanya saja, perlunya kecermatan karena paket transaksi ARP pada setiap computer dapat di manipulasi.

Dengan merubah MAC address yang sesungguhnya. Kelemahan ini dimanfaatkan untuk jenis serangan ARP Poisoning atau ARP Spoofing atau Man In The Middle Attack. Siapa pun dapat menyadap bahkan meng-kill koneksi aktif pada LAN….

Netsh
Yakni tool yang memperbolehkan kita untuk melihat dan merubah TCP/IP,autentifikasi,firewall dan settingan pada jaringan lainnya, brupa command line tool yang powerful, terinstall secara default pada windows 2000,XP,Vista dan server edition yang lalu
tanpa Netsh, maka men setting jaringan pada setiap komputer dan memodifikasi nya secara manual perlu menggunakan perlu GUI, yang merupakan salah satu model interaksi antara manusia dengan komputer.

Sumber :
http://linux.or.id/node/2783
http://kb.iu.edu/data/aopu.html
http://www.muhardi.com/index.php?
option=com_content&task=view&id=70&Itemid=70
http://mxrider.or.id/x1/index.php?topic=5191.0
http://id.wikipedia.org/

99 Perfect Names and Attributes of Allah

It is not possible to perfectly translate the names and attributes of Allah from their original Arabic into English. However, here are some fairly close explanations.

Please note: Many Muslims take on all the names below (except for # 1) without the 'Al' prefix. For example, Rahman, Rahim, Malik, etc. are common names of male Muslims.

He who has the Godhood which is the power to create the entities : Allah

The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers and the blasphemers in this world and especially for the believers in the hereafter : Ar-Rahman

The One who has plenty of mercy for the believers : Ar-Rahim

The One with the complete Dominion, the One Whose Dominion is clear from imperfection : Al-Malik

The One who is pure from any imperfection and clear from children and adversaries : Al-Quddus

The One who is free from every imperfection : As-Salam

The One who witnessed for Himself that no one is God but Him. And He witnessed for His believers that they are truthful in their belief that no one is God but Him : Al-Mu'min

The One who witnesses the saying and deeds of His creatures : Al-Muhaymin

The Defeater who is not defeated : Al-^Aziz

The One that nothing happens in His Dominion except that which He willed : Al-Jabbar

The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures and from resembling them : Al-Mutakabbir

The One who brings everything from non-existence to existence : Al-Khaliq

The Creator who has the Power to turn the entities : Al-Bari'

The One who forms His creatures in different pictures :Al-Musawwir

The One who forgives the sins of His slaves time and time again : Al-Ghaffar

The Subduer who has the perfect Power and is not unable over anything : Al-Qahhar

The One who is Generous in giving plenty without any return : Al-Wahhab

The One who gives everything that benefits whether Halal or Haram : Ar-Razzaq

The One who opens for His slaves the closed worldy and religious matters : Al-Fattah

The Knowledgeable; The One nothing is absent from His knowledge : Al-^Alim

The One who constricts the sustenance by His wisdom and expands and widens it with His Generosity and Mercy : Al-Qabid and Al-Basit

The One who lowers whoever He willed by His Destruction and raises whoever He willed by His Endowment : Al-Khafid and Ar-Rafi^

He gives esteem to whoever He willed, hence there is no one to degrade Him; And He degradeswhoever He willed, hence there is no one to give Him esteem : Al-Mu^iz and Al-Muthil

The One who Hears all things that are heard by His Eternal Hearing without an ear, instrument or organ : As-Sami^

The One who Sees all things that are seen by His Eternal Seeing without a pupil or any otherinstrument : Al-Basir

He is the Ruler and His judgment is His Word : Al-Hakam

The One who is entitled to do what He does : Al-^Adl

The One who is kind to His slaves and endows upon them : Al-Latif

The One who knows the truth of things : Al-Khabir

The One who delays the punishment for those who deserve it and then He might forgive them : Al-Halim

The One deserving the attributes of Exaltment, Glory, Extolement,and Purity from all imperfection : Al-^Azim

The One who forgives a lot : Al-Ghafur

The One who gives a lot of reward for a little obedience : Ash-Shakur

The One who is clear from the attributes of the creatures : Al-^Aliyy

The One who is greater than everything in status : Al-Kabir

The One who protects whatever and whoever He willed to protect : Al-Hafiz

The One who has the Power : Al-Muqit

The One who gives the satisfaction : Al-Hasib

The One who is attributed with greatness of Power and Glory of status : Aj-Jalil

The One who is clear from abjectness : Al-Karim

The One that nothing is absent from Him. Hence it's meaning is related to the attribute ofKnowledge : Ar-Raqib

The One who answers the one in need if he asks Him and rescues the yearner if he calls upon Him : Al-Mujib

The Knowledgeable : Al-Wasi^

The One who is correct in His doings : Al-Hakim

The One who loves His believing slaves and His believing slaves love Him. His love to His slavesis His Will to be merciful to them and praise them:Hence it's meaning is related to the attributes of the Will and Kalam (His attribute with which He orders and forbids and spoke to Muhammad and Mu sa -peace be upon them- . It is not a sound nor a language nor a letter) : Al-Wadud

The One who is with perfect Power, High Status, Compassion, Generosity and Kindness : Al-Majid

The One who resurrects His slaves after death for reward and/or punishment : Al-Ba^ith

The One who nothing is absent from Him : Ash-Shahid

The One who truly exists : Al-Haqq

The One who gives the satisfaction and is relied upon : Al-Wakil

The One with the complete Power : Al-Qawiyy

The One with extreme Power which is un-interrupted and He does not get tired : Al-Matin

The Supporter : Al-Waliyy

The praised One who deserves to be praised : Al-Hamid

The One who the count of things are known to him : Al-Muhsi

The One who started the human being. That is, He created him : Al-Mubdi'

The One who brings back the creatures after death : Al-Mu^id

The One who took out a living human from semen that does not have a soul. He gives life bygiving the souls back to the worn out bodies on the resurrection day and He makes the hearts alive by the light of knowledge : Al-Muhyi

The One who renders the living dead : Al-Mumit

The One attributed with a life that is unlike our life and is not that of a combination of soul, fleshor blood : Al-Hayy

The One who remains and does not end : Al-Qayyum

The Rich who is never poor. Al-Wajd is Richness : Al-Wajid

The One who is Majid : Al-Majid

The One without a partner : Al-Wahid

The Master who is relied upon in matters and reverted to in ones needs : As-Samad

The One attributed with Power : Al-Qadir

The One with the perfect Power that nothing is withheld from Him : Al-Muqtadir

The One who puts things in their right places. He makes ahead what He wills and delays what He wills : Al-Muqaddim and Al-Mu'akhkhir

The One whose Existence is without a beginning : Al-'Awwal

The One whose Existence is without an end : Al-'Akhir

The One that nothing is above Him and nothing is underneath Him, hence He exists without aplace. He, The Exalted, His Existence is obvious by proofs and He is clear from the delusions of attributesof bodies : Az-Zahir and Al-Batin

The One who owns things and manages them : Al-Wali

The One who is clear from the attributes of the creation : Al-Muta^ali

The One who is kind to His creatures, who covered them with His sustenance and specified however He willed among them by His support, protection, and special mercy : Al-Barr

The One who grants repentance to whoever He willed among His creatures and accepts his repentance : At-Tawwab

The One who victoriously prevails over His enemies and punishes them for their sins. It maymean the One who destroys them : Al-Muntaqim

The One with wide forgiveness : Al-^Afuww

The One with extreme Mercy. The Mercy of Allah is His will to endow upon whoever He willedamong His creatures : Ar-Ra'uf

The One who controls the Dominion and gives dominion to whoever He willed : Malik Al-Mulk

The One who deserves to be Exalted and not denied : Thul-Jalal wal-Ikram

The One who is Just in His judgment : Al-Muqsit

The One who gathers the creatures on a day that there is no doubt about, that is the Day of Judgment : Aj-Jami^

The One who does not need the creation : Al-Ghaniyy

The One who satisfies the necessities of the creatures : Al-Mughni

The Supporter who protects and gives victory to His pious believers. Al-Mu'tiy The Withholder : Al-Mani^

The One who makes harm reach to whoever He willed and benefit to whoever He willed : Ad-Darr and An-Nafi^

The One who guides : An-Nur

The One whom with His Guidance His belivers were guided, and with His Guidance the living: beings have been guided to what is beneficial for them and protected from what is harmful to them : Al-Hadi

The One who created the creation and formed it without any preceding example : Al-Badi^

The One that the state of non-existence is impossible for Him : Al-Baqi

The One whose Existence remains : Al-Warith

The One who guides : Ar-Rashid

The One who does not quickly punish the sinners : As-Sabur